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Finger agnosia
Finger agnosia, first defined in 1924 by Josef Gerstmann, is the loss in the ability “to distinguish, name, or recognize the fingers”,〔Ardila, A, Mauricio, C,. Rosselli, M. Angular Gyrus Syndrome revisited: Acalculia, Finger Agnosia, Right-left Disorientation and Semantic Aphasia. Aphasiology 14.7 (2000): 743-54.〕 not only with the patient’s own fingers, but also the fingers of others, and drawing and other representations of fingers. It is one of a tetrad of symptoms in Gerstmann syndrome, although it is also possible for finger agnosia to exist on its own without any other disorders.〔Della Sala, S, and Spinnler, H. Finger Agnosia: fiction or reality? Archives of Neurology 51.5 (1994): 448-50.〕 Usually, lesions to the left angular gyrus and posterior parietal areas can lead to finger agnosia.〔Ardila, A, Mauricio, C,. Rosselli, M. Angular Gyrus Syndrome revisited: Acalculia, Finger Agnosia, Right-left Disorientation and Semantic Aphasia. Aphasiology 14.7 (2000): 743-54.〕〔Della Sala, S, and Spinnler, H. Finger Agnosia: fiction or reality? Archives of Neurology 51.5 (1994): 448-50.〕〔Anema, H. A., Kessels, C., De Haan, E., Kappelle, L.J., Leijten F., Van Zandvoort, M., Dijkerman, H. Differences in finger localisation performance of patients with Finger Agnosia. NeuroReport 19.14 (2008): 1429-433.〕〔Rusconi, E, Walsh, V., Butterworth, B. Dexterity with numbers: rTMS over Left Angular Gyrus disrupts finger gnosis and number processing. Neuropsychologia 43 (2005): 1609-624.〕〔Gerstmann, J. Syndrome of Finger Agnosia, disorientation for right and left, Agraphia, and Acalculia. Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry 44 (1940): 398-408.〕
==Causes==
Lesions to the left angular gyrus are associated with finger agnosia, as well as the other symptoms of Gerstmann Syndrome, also known as Angular Gyrus Syndrome. In a study by Rusconi et al., repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was used in healthy individuals to simulate finger agnosia. Stimulation to the intraparietal sulcus, supramarginal gyrus, as well as the left and right angular gyrus and posterior parietal areas caused difficulties in naming, recognizing, and distinguishing fingers.〔Rusconi, E, Walsh, V., Butterworth, B. Dexterity with numbers: rTMS over Left Angular Gyrus disrupts finger gnosis and number processing. Neuropsychologia 43 (2005): 1609-624.〕
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